This is a moot problem on International Law for a law school in India. Please provide memorandums from both sides…

This is a moot problem on International Law for a law school in India. Please provide memorandums from both sides asap.INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICECOMPROMISBETWEEN THE STATE OF ADAMANTA (APPLICANT)AND THE STATE OF KOJIMA (RESPONDENT)TO SUBMIT TO THE INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICETHE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE STATESCONCERNING THE LEGALITY OF USE OF FORCE ANDDECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE OF THE JAMAVI STATEjointly notified to the Court on 16 August 2011JOINT NOTIFICATIONADDRESSED TO THE REGISTRAR OF THE COURT:The Hague, 16 August 2011On behalf of the State of Adamanta (“the Applicant”) and the State of Kojima (“theRespondent”), in accordance with Article 40(1) of the Statute of the International Court ofJustice, we have the honor to transmit to you an original of the Compromis for submission to theInternational Court of Justice of the Differences between the Applicant and the Respondentconcerning the legality of use of force and declaration of independence of the Jamavi State,signed in The Hague, The Netherlands, on the sixteenth day of August in the year two thousandand eleven.Ambassador of the State of Adamanta Ambassador of the State of Kojima to theKingdom of The Netherlands to the Kingdom of The NetherlandsCOMPROMISSUBMITTED TO THE INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE BYTHE STATE OF ADAMANTA AND THE STATE OF KOJIMAON THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THEM CONCERNING THE LEGALITY OF USEOF FORCE AND DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE OF THE JAMAVI STATEThe State of Adamanta and the State of Kojima,Considering that differences have arisen between them concerning the legality of use of forceand declaration of independence of the Jamavi State and other matters;Recognizing that the Parties concerned have been unable to settle these differences bynegotiation;Desiring further to define the issues to be submitted to the International Court of Justice(hereinafter referred to as “the Court”) for settling this dispute;In furtherance thereof the Parties have concluded the following Compromis:Article 1The Parties submit the questions contained in the Compromis (together with Clarifications tofollow) to the Court pursuant to Article 40(1) of the Statute of the Court.Article 2It is agreed by the Parties that the State of Adamanta shall act as Applicant and the State ofKojima as Respondent, but such agreement is without prejudice to any question of the burden ofproof.Article 3(a) The Court is requested to decide the Case on the basis of the rules and principles ofgeneral international law, as well as any applicable treaties.(b) The Court is also requested to determine the legal consequences, including the rights andobligations of the Parties, arising from its Judgment on the questions presented in theCase.Article 4(a) All questions of procedure and rules shall be regulated in accordance with the provisionsof the Official Rules of the Amity International Moot Court Competition 2011(b) The Parties request the Court to order that the written proceedings should consist ofMemorials presented by each of the Parties not later than the date set forth in the OfficialSchedule of the Amity International Moot Court Competition 2011.Article 5(a) The Parties shall accept any Judgment of the Court as final and binding upon them andshall execute it in its entirety and in good faith.(b) Immediately after the transmission of any Judgment, the Parties shall enter intonegotiations on the modalities for its execution.In witness whereof, the undersigned, being duly authorized, have signed the present Compromisand have affixed thereto their respective seals of office.Done in The Hague, The Netherlands, this seventeenth day of September in the year twothousand and ten, in triplicate in the English language.Ambassador of the State of Adamanta Ambassador of the State of Kojimato the Kingdom of the Netherlands to the Kingdom of the NetherlandsTHE AMITY INTERNATIONAL MOOT COURT COMPETITION 2011COMPROMISTHE STATE OF ADAMANTA V. THE STATE OF KOJIMATHE CASE CONCERNING THE LEGALITY OF USE OF FORCE ANDDECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE OF THE JAMAVI STATE1. The continent of Vikita is rich in cultural heritage and natural resources; it was undercolonial subjugation from 18th century onwards. Most of the continent got itsindependence from colonial rule by late 1940‟s. The colonial rulers, without consideringthe aspirations of the people, carved the continent into eight countries, leaving behind alegacy of several unresolved territorial disputes. The largest country of the continent wasKojima and the second largest country was Adamanta. The other countries includedJaydanistan, Khanate of Farazistan and Avisha which were benevolent monarchies,Quishkinda which was a theocratic Republic, Ralakshya a dictatorship and Bidjyot whichwas ruled by a military Junta. The newly independent countries in Vikita formed theAshtnag Regional Council in 1947 to ensure economic, social, cultural and militarycooperation amongst the member countries. Several other countries signed treaties ofamity amongst themselves within the region.2. Adamanta got its independence in 1949. It has a population comprising of two differentethnicities within its borders. It inherited a feudal setup from its colonial masters whoreinstated the former monarchy headed by King Lokarno IV, the last descendent of theVikarta Kingdom. His emphasis was solely on law and order. He was an ardent supporterof Lassiez Faire encouraging individual initiative and international trade. 63% ofAdamanta‟s population constituted of the Gawas residing in the central and south easternregion and the Jamavas constituted 29% of its population, who resided in the westernregions of the country. Other smaller ethnicities such as the bondis, etc. existed across thecountry.3. A feeling of suppression has always existed among the Jamavas and other ethnicminorities. They believed that they deserved a special provision of reservation; however,King Lucarno never considered the proposal. They have alleged that all government andgovernment related sectors have Gawas in much larger number as compared to the othercommunities. It has also been contended by these groups that they have not been givenproper representation in the bureaucracy and the executive. Even the army has very fewofficers apart from the Gawaits. Also, the Jamavas had initially been a nation bythemselves but were split into two different countries by the colonial rulers because ofwhich widespread dissatisfaction prevailed amongst them. There had been several callsfor the formation of the Jamavi state that had existed before the division of borders bythe colonial rulers. However, the Jamavis had not succeeded in their calls for formationof the old Jamavi state in spite of many mutinies in the past.4. Kojima, a neighbor of Adamanta along the western border is a country with 75% of itspopulation constituting Jamavis. It holds a very strong position in the Ashtnag RegionalCouncil as it was instrumental in the Council‟s formation. Kojima is also a nonpermanentmember of the UN Security Council. Sadako, a 500 square km region on thewestern border of Adamanta is an area with 60% of its population constituting Gawasand is very rich in natural resources such as oil, gas and minerals. The territory wastraditionally considered a part of Adamanta. Adamanta could not afford a war with amuch more powerful Kojima owing to its duel with natural adversities like famine andepidemic that impacted its economics as a new born nation as well as a sovereign whopreferred stability with neighbors as a way of escaping from the internal dissensions andthreats from nationalist forces from amongst the bureaucracy, military and the people.Due to this and the influence of Kojima in the Ashtnag Regional Council , an agreementwas reached between the two countries in the presence of 3rd party mediators, wherein atreaty was signed seceding Sadako to Kojima on 1st October 1955. In addition to theaforesaid treaty of secession, a Treaty of Amity was also signed to continue peacefulrelations between these two nations in 1955. The population and army of Adamanta wasvery upset with the arrangement but had to accept King Lucarno‟s decision unwillingly.The relations between the two nations remained peaceful and cordial till 1987.5. In the year 1987, General Nastha, a Gawaite military general, through bloodless militarycoup overthrew King Lukarno due to his inefficiency in tackling unemployment andinflation and towing a strict capitalist agenda. At the very outset of his regime, GeneralNastha declared his intention to regain Sadako from Kojima. Gen Nastha incited hispeople by asking them to “be prepared for a 1000 year war with Kojima if it does notreturn Sadako”. In pursuant to this agenda he mobilized mass public support for thereturn of Sadako and often mentioned the bruised pride of the Gawa people who had wonthe entire territory of Adamanta from the Jamavas in the medieval ages. General Nasthainitiated socialist policies and nationalised all sectors of development which he thoughtwould solve problems of unemployment and recession. He was against allowing anyforeign investment and wanted the economy to be totally self-reliant. In particular, heviewed proposals for foreign investment in the oil sector with suspicion. In pursuance ofhis ideals, he increased the tariff rates for imports and exports, thereby adverselyaffecting oil exports in the region.6. In pursuance of his endeavors and priorities of governance, General Nastha declared thathis government would not follow any reservation policy. In an interview, General Nasthasaid that „he respected all individuals as equals and would not bring in any specialreservation which would lead to a division in society‟. The Jamavis were highly unhappywith this decision of the government and their feeling of dissatisfaction with thegovernment increased. Following this, there was widespread agitation against thegovernment by the minorities, who resorted to widespread attacks on governmentproperty and gawaits giving rise to high internal tensions in the country. On 24th July1991, Jamavis attacked an area of Gawas wherein several civilians were injured. Inresponse to this, several searches were conducted by security forces who found largenumber of weapons. Newspapers across the country reported that the weapons were fromKojima. The Sazmi Times, a newspaper controlled by close aides of General Nasthaalleged that senior Jamavi leaders of Kojima had their hands in planning the widespreadattacks in Adamanta.7. The relations between the two countries had reached its lowest ebb by the end of 1995when Kojima recalled its ambassador from Adamanta, and also expelled the Adamantaambassador from its territory. The Foreign Minister of Kojima accused General Nasthafor inciting ethnic hatred among the people of Adamanta, which has placed the entireregion under a security threat thereby affecting their diplomatic relations. In response,General Nastha alleged that Kojima had supported the rebels in the unrest and sporadicincidents of violence by providing them with arms and ammunitions. Adamanta further,contended that Kojima, by its actions has breached the Treaty of Amity. General Nasthaalso affirmed that Adamanta will continue its endeavors to secure the territory of Sadakofrom Kojima.8. General Nastha decided to acquire large scale military hardware to the tune of 2.7 billiondollars from various global powers which also included a purchase of 250 new fighteraircrafts and also raised 5 new army units. On the night of 16th Dec. 1997 under theorders of General Nastha, the Adamantan army launched operation „golden goal‟ to wrestback Sadako. It was meant to be an operation with the limited purpose of securingSadako and destroying the Kojiman air force base located therein. However whenKojima learnt of the attack, they responded by opening newer fronts across theinternational border between the two nations. The Adamantans had not anticipated such amassive response to their adventure by Kojima and were now embroiled in a full scalewar. In spite of the unanticipated Kojiman military response, Adamanta not only securedSadako but also went on to secure some very important border posts and strategic townsacross the border. This situation lasted for nearly one year when the tide began to turn infavor of the Kojimans who not only regained Sadako but also completely flushed out theAdamantans from their country and were now on the offensive. All efforts of theAshtnag Regional Council and the United Nations to have a peaceful settlement betweenthe states had been unsuccessful. It was suspected by the Government of Adamanta thatKojima got its upper hand as well as information about their plans to launch attacksagainst Kojima because of the confidential information and support provided by theJamavi people residing in Adamanta.9. The war lasted for two and a half years with neither side gaining a comprehensive victoryand eventually ended in a stalemate in 2000. It resulted in a loss of face for GeneralNastha and severely damaged the image of the army, which failed to wrest Sadako. Itwas alleged by the Jamavi leaders in Adamanta that as a result of this, General Nasthalaunched various attacks against the Jamavis in the south western cities and towns killingscores of people and buried them in large graves during the time of war and after. Thishad been vehemently denied by the General Nastha, during a press meet on 13th August,2000 wherein he claimed that the mass graves which were made during the war wereonly to bury the Adamantan and Kojiman soldiers who died in the war.10.Following the aforementioned events, on 30th Nov. 2000, General Nastha amended theNational Security Act, 1963, in accordance with which, all public meetings or gatheringwere prohibited with effect from 1st Dec. 2000. Further, it gave security forces theunrestricted power to take any person in their custody without any warrant. Moreover, notrials were allowed to be conducted for prisoners found guilty of breach of the provisionsof the National Security Act, 1963. Following a certain chain of events during whichmany arrests were made, it was reported in The Filloworth Times, that 90% of the peoplearrested by the security forces under the aforesaid amendment, were Jamavis. Thisrevelation incited more agitation among the Jamavis, due to which they carried out amassive protest.11.These events further led to the launching of another armed insurgency against theAdamantan government in 2001 and were encouraged by some regional and globalpowers to seek complete independence and to form the old Jamavi State. The Jamavileader Mr. Tony Kimjihoon gave many statements asking the Jamavi populace to unifyand intensify its fight for independence. He asked the people to get an independencefrom Adamanta to form the Jamavi state, declaring 20th December 2001 as theirIndependence Day.12.The Adamanta government responded by warning the Jamavi people not to resort to anysort of violence and protests against the government. They were given assurance thatthey would prosper under the governance of General Nastha. The government relied onthe findings of the 1998 census which was conducted by a commission setup by it, whichshowed that the Jamavis have seen a considerable spurt of 11 percent in the overallgrowth and human development index during the last decade and also mentioned that thedeath rate had seen a decrease of 6 percent while the birth rate has had a marginalincrease of 3 percent. Also the per capita income had risen by 17.65 percent suggestingsignificant rise in purchasing power and a higher standard of living despite all the warsand other troubles faced by the government. He sought the support and cooperation ofthe Jamavi people to help him „serve them better‟.13.The Jamavi leaders mocked the government calling the census a “pack of lies”.Following this, various protests and sporadic attacks were directed against thegovernment by the Jamavis. The government took steps to have peaceful negotiationswith the Jamavi leaders. An uneasy peace was restored after signing an accord betweenthe Jamavi leaders and General Nastha to allow Jamavis autonomy provided they wouldnot seek independence and would not resort to armed rebellion against the state on 27thApril 2002.14. Following the restoration of peace, General Nastha set out to develop infrastructure inAdamanta, wherein he decided to set up nuclear power plants to solve the problem ofenergy crisis in his country. For this Dr. Himans Dotvosky, a nuclear scientist, who had areputation of being a rouge scientist, was called to provide technical support for settingup of nuclear reactors. Three power plants were set up in the next three years and werefunctional by July 2005. There were wide spread allegations that the power plants werebeing used for developing nuclear weapons, which General Nastha proposed to useagainst Kojima, in his fight for Sadako. General Nastha also refused inspection by theIAEA which further added to the suspicions.15.However this condition of peace came to an end when a wide spread pro-democracyrevolution swept the entire region in 2006 with the people of many neighboring countriespeacefully protested against despotic and undemocratic rule in their countries. The rulershad to eventually bow to the will of the people after holding out for several months.These revolutions saw an unprecedented number of protestors take to the streets andwere led by the youth from the front. Another aspect of the entire region was the verylarge and enthusiastic participation of women, children and the elderly as well. Thedespots would often clamp down upon independent and international media channels, yetit would go entirely to the credit of the social networking sites such as buddies networketc that led to the revolutions becoming such a huge success.16. The year 2007 saw similar protests in Adamanta. The protests were completely peacefuland like many other countries of the region the protestors comprising of people from allwalks of life decided to gather in the state capital to register their protest and ask GeneralNastha to step down. The protests were allowed to continue peacefully for the next twomonths however the government eventually launched a crackdown upon the protestorskilling many of them.17.The government on its part tried to give the entire issue an ethnic color by accusing theminority communities of fomenting all the trouble. It went even further by suggestingthat Kojima was tacitly supporting the rebel groups by providing them aid as well asarms to counter the government forces. Eventually the government intensified itsoperations against the protestors and imposed martial law. It was also alleged thatGeneral Nastha turned down the calls for peaceful resolution of the issues. With thedevelopment of these issues, the Jamavis increased their pressure by resorting to violencein response to the government‟s activities. In response, the government resorted to moreviolence by directing thousands of troops to the Jamavi region in order to regain controlover the area. Many international media personnel present in the country conceded thatseveral civilians were killed by the government security forces. By July 2009, thesituation had deteriorated further.18.On 14th September 2009 the United Nations Security Council taking cognizance of thesituation passed Resolution No. 335 to allow humanitarian aid to the people of Adamantaand to take all necessary measures to protect civilians under threat of attack in thecountry. However, it disallowed any foreign occupation force of any form on any part ofAdamanta — requesting them to immediately inform the Secretary-General of suchmeasure. It further restrained Adamanta from pursuing its nuclear program and soughtcooperation from Adamanta to allow inspection of its nuclear facilities by IAEA. Theresolution was passed with 9 countries including Kojima voting in favor of theresolution. Four other countries having direct ties of trade with Kojima also voted infavor of the resolutions. Other countries like Avisha, Shabland which had failed in theirnegotiations with Adamanta to establish trade relations voted in favor of the resolution.Out of the 5 permanent members of the UN, Avisha, Akrisha and Shabland voted infavor while Adinen and Tarina abstained.19.On Dec 1st, 2009 operation „Big Bang‟ was launched at the command of the SecurityCouncil to restore order. The presidential residence was targeted and one of the sons ofGeneral Nastha was reported killed. General Nastha protested that the bombing violatedthe mandate of the Security Council. The Ashtnag Regional Council imposed sanctionsagainst the Adamanta Government through asset freezes and travel bans. Thespokesperson of the Council Mr. Argetlam Garrison gave a statement that “there aremore sanctions and military actions yet to be taken unless Adamanta ceases its militaryoperations against the civilians.”20.Air support was provided in western regions of Adamanta to the Jamavian rebels. Withthe aid of the foreign powers, the capital city Illyrea and headquarters of the governmentwas also bombed. These attacks resulted in the death of 232 people and many casualtiesin Illyrea alone. The air attack also pounded the nearby cities of Zenga, Linor, Sphigaand Imzak. General Nastha stated that there has neither been any suppression nor anymilitary operations against the civilians. He also said that “The reasons given by theCouncil for imposing sanctions and military actions are highly questionable and theinternal affairs of the country should not to be subjected to interference”. He also pointedout that a grave human rights violation was being perpetrated by the external powers asAdamanta , a power starved country, was being denied access to meet its power needsthereby crippling its developmental program.21.After 11 months, there was a stalemate in which neither rebels nor General Nastha‟sarmy was able to force any gains in their favor. The rebels, with the air support of theAshtnag Council, were spread throughout the northern and the eastern regions of thecountry. There was mass destruction of civil property and loss of human life. Thecountry was in a very chaotic state but none of this was sufficient to dislodge GeneralNastha from his seat of power. By then, the rebels were in control of the western parts ofthe country and also all the major natural resource rich areas.22.Rebels had declared their independence on 31st March 2011. They had also attempted toestablish diplomatic ties with the other states in their region and also, convincingly, hadbeen granted de facto recognition by many states. The spokesperson of the rebels, in aninterview to an international news agency had talked about their de jure recognitionwithin next 6 months for the newly formed Jamavi State.23.Following this, General Nastha has alleged that the Security Council resolution is ultravires the principles of the UN. He pointed out that the body has not followed the mandateof dialogue and negotiation that ought to precede the use of force. He has also allegedthat the actions of Kojima and the Ashtnag Council were in breach of the territorialintegrity of Adamanta. He also alleged that the Kojiman actions to be in breach of thetreaty of Amity. Referring to the interview of the spokesperson of the rebels, he said thatthe rebels never had the right to self-determination. He reiterated his objections to theinterference and obstruction to his nuclear power program. General Nastha stated that thematter would be taken up to the ICJ for resolution.24.In response to the allegations of General Nastha, the foreign affairs minister of Kojimasaid that the ICJ did not have the jurisdiction to adjudge the validity a Security Councilresolution. He justified international intervention on the grounds of human rightsviolation and a suspicious nuclear program. He also said that the Jamavis in Adamantahad acquired the right of self-determination in accordance with the customaryinternational law and the UN Charter.25.Adamanta and Kojima are both members of the United Nations, and are parties to theUnited Nations Charter, the Statute of the International Court of Justice, the ViennaConvention on the Law of Treaties, the International Covenant on Civil and PoliticalRights, the four Geneva Conventions of 1949 and additional Protocols I and II thereto,and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. Neither Statehas made any reservations, declarations or understandings with regard to any of thesetreaties.26.Applicant, Adamanta, asks the Court to adjudge and declare that:(1) The Security Council Resolution 335 violates international law and the courtshould order immediate cessation of operation Big Bang ;(2) The amendments to the National Security Act, 1963, are consistent withinternational law; and(3) The actions of Kojima were in breach of the territorial integrity ofAdamanta and also breach the treaty of Amity moreover, the attacks were adisproportionate and unlawful act of aggression against the people ofAdamanta;(4) The unilateral declaration of independence by the Jamavi people isinconsistent with International Law.27.Respondent, Kojima, asks the Court to adjudge and declare that:(1) The Court has no authority to adjudge the validity of a Security Councilresolution or order cessation of operation Big Bang.(2) The amendments to the National Security Act, 1963, violates the rights ofAdamantans under international law; and(3) The actions of Kojima were consistent with Kojima‟s rights under internationallaw and neither constituted a breach of the territorial integrity of Adamanta norbreached the treaty of Amity moreover, the act was not an act of aggression butpart of a legitimate and proportionate intervention in Adamanta(4) The Jamavi people had a right to self-determination under international law andKojima has not breached the treaty of Amity by supporting the Jamavi State.ANNEXURE-ITHE ADAMANTA- KOJIMA TREATY OF 1955ARTICLE I.There shall be perpetual peace and friendship between the President of Adamanta and of Kojimaand the citizens and subjects of their respective Governments.If other powers deal unjustly or oppressively with either Government, the other will exert theirgood offices on being informed of the case, to bring about an amicable arrangement, thusshowing their friendly feelings.ARTICLE II.After the conclusion of this Treaty of amity and commerce, the High Contracting Powers mayeach appoint Diplomatic Representatives at the ports of the other, which are open to foreigncommerce, at their own convenience.These officials shall have relations with the corresponding local authorities of equal rank upon abasis of mutual equality.The Diplomatic and Consular Representatives of the two Governments shall receive mutually allthe privileges, rights and immunities, without discrimination, which are accorded to the sameclass of Representatives from the most favored nation.Consuls shall exercise their functions only on receipt of an exequatur from the Government, towhich they are accredited. Consular authorities shall be bona fide officials. No merchants shallbe permitted to exercise the duties of the office, nor shall Consular officers be allowed to engagein trade. At ports to which no Consular Representatives have been appointed, the Consuls ofother Powers may be invited to act, provided that no merchant shall be allowed to assumeConsular functions, or the provisions of the Treaty may, in such case, be enforced by the localauthorities.If Consular Representatives of the Adamanta in Kojima conduct their business in an impropermanner, their exequaturs may be revoked, subject to the approval, previously obtained, of theDiplomatic Representative of the Adamanta.ARTICLE III.All citizens of the Adamanta in Kojima, peaceably attending to their own affairs, shall receiveand enjoy for themselves and everything appertaining to them, the protection of the localauthorities of the Government of Kojima, who shall defend them from all insult and injury of anysort. If their dwellings or property be threatened or attacked by mobs, incendiaries, or otherviolent or lawless persons, the local officers, on requisition of the consul, shall immediatelydispatch a military force to disperse the rioters, apprehend the individuals, and punish them withthe utmost rigor of the law.Subjects of Kojima, guilty of any criminal act towards citizens of Adamanta, shall be punishedby the authorities of Kojima, according to the laws of Kojima; and citizens of the Adamanta,either on shore or in any merchant-vessel, who may insult, trouble or wound the persons, orinjure the property of the people of Kojima, shall be arrested and punished only by the consul orother public functionary of the Adamanta, thereto authorized, according to the laws of theAdamanta.When controversies arise in the Kojima between the citizens of the Adamanta and citizens ofKojima, which need to be examined and decided by the public officers of the two nations, it isagreed between the two Governments of the Adamanta and Kojima, that such cases shall be triedby the proper official of the nationality of the defendant, according to the laws of that nation. Theproperly authorized official of the plaintiff‟s nationality shall be freely permitted to attend thetrial, and shall be treated with the courtesy due to his position. He shall be granted all properfacilities for watching the proceedings in the interest of justice. If he so desires, he shall have theright to present, to examine and to cross-examine witnesses. If he is dissatisfied with theproceedings, he shall be permitted to protest them in detail. It is however mutually agreed andunderstood between the high contracting powers, that whenever Kojima, that shall have so farmodified and reformed the statutes and judicial procedure in its country that, in the judgment ofAdamanta, they conform to the laws and course of justice in the Adamanta, the right ofexterritorial jurisdiction over Adamanta citizens in Kojima shall be abandoned, and thereafterAdamanta citizens, when within the limits of Kojima, shall be subject to the jurisdiction of thenative authorities.ARTICLE IV.The purchase of cannon, small arms, sword, gunpowder, shot and all munitions of war ispermitted only to officials of the Government of Kojima, and they may be imported by citizensof the Adamanta only under a written permit from the authorities of Kojima. If these articles areclandestinely imported, they shall be confiscated and the offending party shall be punished.ARTICLE V.Students of either nationality, who may proceed to the country of the other, in order to study thelanguage, literature, laws or arts, shall be given all possible protection and assistance in evidenceof cordial good will.ARTICLE VI.This being the first treaty negotiated by Kojima, and hence being general and incomplete in itsprovisions, shall in the first instance be put into operation in all things stipulated herein. As tostipulations not contained herein, after an interval of five years, when the officers and the peopleof the two Powers shall have become more familiar with each other‟s language, a furthernegotiation of commercial provisions and regulations in detail, in conformity with internationallaw and without unequal discriminations on either part shall be had.ARTICLE VII.The High Contracting Powers hereby agree that, should at any time the King of Kojima grant toany nation or to the merchants or citizens of any nation, any right, privilege or favor, connectedeither with navigation, commerce, political, or other intercourse, which is not conferred by thisTreaty, such right, privilege and favor shall freely inure to the benefit of the Adamanta, its publicofficers, merchants and citizens, provided always, that whenever such right, privilege or favor isaccompanied by any condition, or equivalent concession granted by the other nation interested,the United States, its officers and its people shall only be entitled to the benefit of such right,privilege or favor upon complying with the conditions or concessions connected therewith.ARTICLE VIIIThe High Contracting powers shall not raise the issue of boundary allocation unless the people ofsuch state, in exercise of their right to self-determination seek to be an independent state or tosecede with any other state.ARTICLE IXThe High Contracting powers agree that they shall not interfere with matters of internaladministration of the other party, giving due respect to the sovereignty, territorial integrity andother basic principles of customary international law.ARTICLE XIn case of any di